Evidence
This is our protein disease project, where we had to chose and research a disease caused by protein malfunction. We also had to do research about protein synthesis, in order to find out why the protein malfunctions. Our disease was Cystic Fibrosis.
Content
Key Terms:
Codon: a sequence of 3 nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code for RNA
Anticodon: the sequence of 3 nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code that corresponds with the codon for tRNA
Polymerase: an enzyme that aids in the process of making mRNA by reading the nucleotides and creating the corresponding nucleotides
Polypeptide Chain: a chain of amino acids that fold together to create a protein.
Protein: the macromolecule made of chains of amino acids essential for cell structure and cell function
Alpha Helix: One of the two structures formed during Protein Folding, looks like a spiral
Beta Sheet: One of the two structures formed during Protein Folding, looks like rectangular sheets of polypeptide chains
Amino Acids: the basic building blocks of proteins
mRNA: Messenger Ribonucleic Acid, created during Transcription of Protein Synthesis where it carries codons to make proteins
tRNA: Transfer Ribonucleic Acid, used during Translation of Protein Synthesis where it carries anitcodons in sets of three in order to create polypeptide chains
Codon: a sequence of 3 nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code for RNA
Anticodon: the sequence of 3 nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code that corresponds with the codon for tRNA
Polymerase: an enzyme that aids in the process of making mRNA by reading the nucleotides and creating the corresponding nucleotides
Polypeptide Chain: a chain of amino acids that fold together to create a protein.
Protein: the macromolecule made of chains of amino acids essential for cell structure and cell function
Alpha Helix: One of the two structures formed during Protein Folding, looks like a spiral
Beta Sheet: One of the two structures formed during Protein Folding, looks like rectangular sheets of polypeptide chains
Amino Acids: the basic building blocks of proteins
mRNA: Messenger Ribonucleic Acid, created during Transcription of Protein Synthesis where it carries codons to make proteins
tRNA: Transfer Ribonucleic Acid, used during Translation of Protein Synthesis where it carries anitcodons in sets of three in order to create polypeptide chains
Protein Synthesis:
Step 1: Transcription- First step of protein synthesis, the double helix of DNA splits into two and RNA Polymerase creates Messenger RNA with corresponding nucleotides, where mRNA can be sent out of nucleus of cell.
Step 2: Translation- mRNA attaches to a ribosome where Transfer RNA with anticodons that have corresponding codons with mRNA attach. Multiple tRNA units leave behind their amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain.
Step 3: Protein Folding
- Primary Structure: Forms a chain of amino acids
- Secondary Structure: the amino acid chain (polypeptide chain) folds into either Alpha Helix or Beta Sheet
-Tertiary Structure: The Alpha Helix or Beta Sheets folds into a complex 3D shape based on hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions
- Quaternary Structure: Occurring in the Golgi Body, the tertiary structures fold into each other.
Step 1: Transcription- First step of protein synthesis, the double helix of DNA splits into two and RNA Polymerase creates Messenger RNA with corresponding nucleotides, where mRNA can be sent out of nucleus of cell.
Step 2: Translation- mRNA attaches to a ribosome where Transfer RNA with anticodons that have corresponding codons with mRNA attach. Multiple tRNA units leave behind their amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain.
Step 3: Protein Folding
- Primary Structure: Forms a chain of amino acids
- Secondary Structure: the amino acid chain (polypeptide chain) folds into either Alpha Helix or Beta Sheet
-Tertiary Structure: The Alpha Helix or Beta Sheets folds into a complex 3D shape based on hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions
- Quaternary Structure: Occurring in the Golgi Body, the tertiary structures fold into each other.
Final Thoughts
This project was very fun. It was fun to research the reasons behind certain diseases and what causes them to happen. Though it was fun, it was a lot of work, and we did many things well. One thing we did well was thorough research. Our research of our disease hit every point and we made it easy to explain. This helped us with our presentation as both the audience and the presenter could understand. Another thing we did well, was our explanation of things. Because our research was good, it became easier to understand which helped us present and explain it better. Understanding our research is important to a well done project. Though we had things we did well, there are things that we could improve on. One thing that we could improve on was staying on task. Though our research was done right, we did tend to get off task when work seemed finished or boring. If we could stay on task, we could get work done much faster. Another thing that we could work on is work distribution. Though we all contributed a little work, most of the work felt like it was placed on one person. If we could make a plan to distribute work better, then research would be much easier to do.